A singular noun is a noun that names one person, place, or idea.

A plural noun is made up of all the words in the subject part. The simple subjectis a noun that names more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

To make most singular nouns plural, add -s.

If a singular noun ends with s, ss, x, z, ch, or sh,add -es to form the plural.

If a singular noun ends with a consonant and y, change the y to i and add -es to form the plural.

If a singular noun ends with a vowel and y, add -s to form the plural.

Many singular nouns ending in f add -s to form the plural in the usual way. Some singular nouns ending in f or fe change the f to v and add -s or -es to form the plural.